6. Traits whose genes increase ADHD risk
A large-scale genetic study found several complex traits whose genetic causes put people at higher risk for ADHD:1
GCP : Genetical causal proportion.
Negative values mean that the trait is a causal risk for ADHD (the lower the negative value, the stronger). Positive values mean that the trait is a causal consequence of ADHD (the higher the positive value, the stronger).
| Trait (characteristic) | GCP (here: negative) genetic causal relationship with ADHD | |
|---|---|---|
| At least one person recommended reducing alcohol consumption | - 0.96 | |
| Iron deficiency anemia (ICD10) | - 0.94 | |
| Synovitis and tenosynovitis (ICD10) | - 0.94 | |
| Entropion (malposition) or trichiasis (eyelashes directed towards the eyeball) of the eyelid | - 0.94 | |
| Peripheral artery disease | - 0.87 | |
| Other disorders of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance (ICD10) | - 0.85 | |
| Assisted Living | - 0.85 | |
| Restriction of smoking due to illness | - 0.82 | |
| Neck or shoulder pain for more than 3 months | - 0.82 | |
| Diseases of the synovium (inner joint capsule mucosa) or tendons | - 0.82 | |
| Self-reported type 2 diabetes | - 0.81 | |
| Medication: Enalapril (medication for high blood pressure) | - 0.76 | |
| Medication: Felodipine (high blood pressure medication) | - 0.77 | |
| Self-reported COPD | + 0.75 | |
| Other osteoarthritis (ICD10) | - 0.74 | |
| Syncope and collapse (ICD10) | - 0.74 | |
| Disabled person’s card (Blue Badge) | + 0.73 | |
| Obesity | - 0.73 | |
| Work in shifts | - 0.73 | |
| Mania or irritability manifestations: easily distracted | - 0.72 | |
| Drug: gabapentin (anti-epileptic) | - 0.71 | |
| Drug: Pantoprazole | - 0.70 | |
| Other diseases of the anus and rectum (ICD10) | - 0.69 | |
| Polyarthrosis (ICD10) | - 0.69 | |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome | + 0.68 | |
| Fibroblastic diseases | - 0.67 | |
| Incapacity to work due to illness or disability | - 0.67 | |
| Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | - 0.67 |